The federal court system has three main levels: the district courts (the trial court), the district courts, which are the first instance of appeal, and the Supreme Court of the United States, the court of last resort in the federal system. There are 94 district courts, 13 district courts and one Supreme Court throughout the country. To access claim forms and for more information about the Court of Claims, please visit their website at nyscourtofclaims.courts.state.ny.us/ Parties who are not satisfied with the decision of the trial court may take their case to the intermediate court of appeal. The courts of the federal system operate differently from the state courts in many ways. The main difference between civil cases (as opposed to criminal cases) is the types of cases that can be heard in the federal system. Federal courts are courts with limited jurisdiction, which means they can only hear cases authorized by the U.S. Constitution or federal laws. The Federal District Court is the starting point for all matters arising under federal statutes, the Constitution or treaties. This type of jurisdiction is called the “court of origin”. Sometimes the jurisdiction of state courts overlaps with that of federal courts, which means that some cases can be heard by either court. The plaintiff has the first choice to bring the case in state or federal court.
However, if the plaintiff chooses state court, the defendant may sometimes choose to “apply” to federal court. Article III of the Constitution vests U.S. jurisdiction over the federal judicial system. Article III, Section 1, specifically creates the Supreme Court of the United States and gives Congress the power to create lower federal courts. Interested in deepening your knowledge of federal courts? Read Understanding Federal Courts. Florida`s court system includes the Supreme Court, five county courts of appeals, 20 district courts, and 67 district courts. Each level of Florida`s court system plays a different role in justice for all Floridians. The basic concept behind drug treatment courts involves dramatic judicial intervention in collaboration with an entire team, including defence, enforcement, treatment, education and prosecution. In exchange for the promise of a reduced sentence, appropriate non-violent offenders have the opportunity to voluntarily undergo court-supervised treatment for their addiction.
In the Eighth Judicial District, many municipal and family courts house drug treatment courts. The county court is established in all counties outside of New York. It has the power to prosecute all crimes committed in the county, although in practice charges and other preliminary proceedings for felonies, as well as court proceedings for misdemeanors and misdemeanors, are dealt with by courts with limited jurisdiction. The county court also has limited jurisdiction in civil cases, with amounts up to $25,000. In addition, this court has jurisdiction over certain types of real estate actions without monetary restrictions, such as: Seizures located entirely in the district where the court is located. The court also serves as an intermediate court of appeal for the review of various municipal court cases. In some more rural districts outside of New York, the district judge also serves as a sitting Supreme Court judge, family judge, and deputy judge. In these cases, the judge is referred to as a “multi-hatted judge.” Municipal and village courts have criminal jurisdiction over offences and misdemeanours, and civil jurisdiction over claims up to $3,000.
As judges, city and village judges hold charges and preliminary hearings for those accused of more serious crimes. Traffic offences are also dealt with by these courts. The U.S. Supreme Court is the highest court in the U.S. judicial system and has the power to rule on appeals in all cases filed in federal or state court, but dealing with federal law. For example, if a First Amendment free speech case were decided by a state`s highest court (usually the state Supreme Court), the case could be challenged in federal court. However, if the same case were decided entirely on the basis of a state law similar to the First Amendment, the U.S. Supreme Court would not be able to hear the case. Enter the U.S. courts of appeals. Learn about litigation, court culture and landmark cases. New York State`s unified court system has developed a number of alternative dispute resolution programs in courts at all levels for different types of cases across the state.
Alternative dispute resolution is a variety of processes by which potential litigants can resolve disputes as an alternative to litigation. A court of appeal hears appeals from decisions of its county district courts, as well as appeals against decisions of federal administrative authorities. Download a map of how federal courts are divided into twelve regional counties and one federal district.